![]() With the arrival of these publications, a new trend of village studies was ushered in Indian sociology. Dube authored the full-length monograph on a village in Andhra Pradesh under the title, Indian Village. Srinivas), and Village India (edited by Mckim Marriott). Majumdar), India’s Villages (edited by M.N. The anthologies were Rural Profiles (edited by D.N. In 1955, four major publications came out, three of which were anthologies of articles written by social anthropologists/sociologists on the villages studied by them, and the fourth one was a full-length monograph – the very first and by an Indian social scientist. In the 1950s, several studies of individual villages were undertaken. ![]() Economists and social anthropologists later joined the movement of village studies. The results of these investigations evoked great interest and stressed the necessity for still further study. Lucas in the Punjab initiated intensive studies of particular villages and general agricultural problems. ![]() Keatings and Harold Mann in Bombay, Gilbert Slater in Madras, and E.V. As a result, the cultivator of the soil began to attract considerable attention from students of Indian society. Patel, in his book Agricultural Laborers in Modern India and Pakistan, talks about the growth of village studies: With the end of the First World War, the beginnings of an agrarian crisis was accompanied by the entry of peasants into the political arena, as exemplified during the Champaran and Kaira campaigns led by Gandhiji. It felt the need to investigate the actually existing conditions. The growing rural discontent also worried the British Government. Social scientists also became interested in studying rural problems, particularly the deteriorating rural economy. Gandhi organized mass movements to draw attention to the problems of the rural people, and also to involve the peasants in the freedom struggle. Illiteracy, ignorance, and poverty characterized the vast population of rural India. The development of Village India, for Gandhi, was the development of India. It was the villages in which 89 per cent of the population lived. Mahatma Gandhi is often quoted as having said: “Real India lives in its villages.” The fact that in the early decades of the 20th century, India’s urban segment constituted only 11 per cent of the total population gave strength to his argument. Difference between Villages in Ancient India and Villages of Today!
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